If you have a tar and gravel roof that needs repairs, you’re in the right place! Tar and gravel roofs are known for their durability and ability to withstand harsh weather conditions, but even the toughest roofs may require some work over time. This guide will walk you through the process, provide step-by-step instructions, and share maintenance tips to keep your roof in top shape. Here’s what we’ll cover:
- Understanding tar and gravel roofs
- Step-by-step guide to repairing tar and gravel roofs
- Common issues with tar and gravel roofs
🤔 What Is a Tar and Gravel Roof?
A tar and gravel roof, also known as a built-up roof (BUR), is a long-lasting commercial roofing system that has been used for decades. This roofing system is constructed by layering materials to create a sturdy, protective surface that can endure harsh weather conditions and daily wear and tear. It’s made of alternating layers of tar (bitumen) and industrial fabric (felts), which are carefully applied to form a seamless and watertight structure. The final top layer consists of gravel, which serves as a protective shield against sunlight, wind, and physical damage.
Widely used for flat or low-slope buildings, tar and gravel roofs are particularly popular for their simplicity, versatility, and proven track record. Whether it’s a commercial property or an industrial facility, this roofing system continues to be a reliable and cost-effective choice for property owners looking for durability and performance.
Benefits of Tar and Gravel Roofs
- Cost-effective compared to modern alternatives
- Offers excellent UV protection with its gravel layer
- Water-resistant, especially when well-maintained
- Provides insulation, reducing energy costs
✅ 6 Steps To Repair a Tar and Gravel Roof
Performing a repair on your tar and gravel roof can often be a manageable DIY task. Here’s how you can do it in just a few steps:
1. Inspect the Roof
Begin by thoroughly inspecting the roof for any signs of damage to determine the extent of the repairs needed. Start by walking the entire surface, paying close attention to both visible and subtle issues. Look closely for blisters, cracks, tears, or areas where the gravel layer may be missing. Don’t overlook any part of the roof—damaged sections can often be small or hidden at first glance. Focus on critical points like around drains, seams, vents, and flashing, as these areas are especially vulnerable to leaks and wear over time. Use a flashlight or magnifying glass for hard-to-see spots if necessary. Note all areas that show signs of damage, no matter how minor they seem. Taking photos or detailed notes during your inspection can help when planning your repairs later. This meticulous approach ensures you have a clear picture of the roof’s condition before starting any work.
2. Clean the Damaged Area
Before you proceed with any repairs, ensure that the damaged area is completely clean. Dirt, debris, or loose gravel can weaken the effectiveness of your patch, so it’s crucial to prepare the surface properly. First, remove loose debris by gently sweeping the area with a stiff brush. Pay attention to any gravel or small particles lodged in cracks, as these could interfere with adhesion. Once the loose material is cleared, use a bucket of warm, soapy water and a sponge or scrub brush to thoroughly clean the surface. Scrub away any grime, grease, or residue that could prevent the roofing materials from sticking securely. Rinse the area with clean water to remove soap residue, and let the entire section dry completely. Moisture can undermine the repair process, so make sure there’s no dampness left before moving on. If necessary, use a towel, fan, or even a heat gun to speed up the drying process. A clean and dry surface is vital for long-lasting results.
3. Repair Blisters or Cracks
For blistered areas, the repair process requires careful attention to detail. Start by using a utility knife to cut an “X” shape into the center of the blister. Be precise and avoid cutting too deeply, as you want to expose the underlying layers without causing additional damage. Once the “X” is cut, gently peel back the edges of the blister to reveal the area underneath. Check for any signs of trapped moisture, as this can lead to future issues if not addressed. If the area is damp, let it air out completely until it’s dry. This step is crucial—repairing over moisture will compromise the effectiveness of the patch. Once the area is dry, apply a generous layer of roofing tar to the exposed section. Use a putty knife or trowel to spread the tar evenly, ensuring it covers the entire area. Press the peeled edges of the blister back into place, smoothing them down firmly so they adhere to the tar. To secure the repair, spread another layer of roofing tar over the top, extending slightly beyond the edges of the blister. This creates a strong, weatherproof seal.
4. Reinforce the Repair With Roofing Fabric
To enhance the durability of your repair, reinforce the patched area with roofing fabric. Begin by cutting a piece of fabric that’s slightly larger than the damaged area, ensuring it will fully cover the patch with some overlap. Apply a fresh layer of roofing tar over the repaired section, spreading it evenly to create a smooth base for the fabric. Carefully place the fabric onto the tar, pressing it firmly to ensure a secure bond. Use your hands or a roller to smooth out any air bubbles or wrinkles, as these can weaken the repair. Once the fabric is in place, apply another layer of roofing tar over the top, completely covering it. Spread the tar evenly to seal the fabric and create a strong, watertight barrier. This extra layer of reinforcement adds strength to the repair and helps it withstand the elements over time. Allow the tar to dry slightly, ensuring the fabric stays in place as it cures.
5. Replace the Gravel Layer
After reinforcing the repair, restore the gravel layer to protect the patched area and maintain the roof’s appearance. While the roofing tar is still wet, sprinkle a generous amount of gravel over the repaired section. Use gravel that matches the existing roof to help the patch blend in seamlessly. Distribute the gravel evenly across the tar, ensuring full coverage. This step is important not only for aesthetics but also for functionality, as the gravel protects the tar from harmful UV rays and adds an extra layer of durability. Gently press the gravel into the wet tar to help it adhere securely. You can use a flat tool or your hands (wearing gloves) to ensure the gravel is embedded into the tar. Be careful not to dislodge the patch itself during this process. Once the gravel is in place, allow the tar to fully cure before exposing the area to heavy foot traffic or weather conditions.
6. Final Inspection
Once the repair is complete and the tar has dried, perform a thorough final inspection to ensure everything is secure and properly finished. Check that the patched area is fully sealed and there are no gaps or loose edges. Confirm that the gravel layer is evenly distributed and blends well with the surrounding roof. Look for any signs of weakness or areas that may need additional reinforcement. If you notice any lingering issues, address them promptly to avoid further damage. Regular inspections are key to maintaining your roof’s integrity, so make a habit of checking your roof periodically for new signs of wear and tear. By staying proactive, you can catch problems early and avoid costly repairs down the line. A well-maintained roof will last longer and provide better protection for your building, giving you peace of mind in the long run.
👉 Common Issues With Tar and Gravel Roofs
Understanding potential problems with your roof can help identify when repairs are needed. Some of the most common issues include:
Cracks or Blisters
Tar roofs often face wear and tear due to prolonged exposure to harsh weather conditions like intense heat, freezing temperatures, or heavy rain. Over time, the roof’s surface can develop cracks or blisters, which are essentially air pockets trapped between the layers of the roof. At first, these cracks and bubbles may appear small and insignificant, but they can grow larger as they are exposed to more extreme weather. If left untreated, they weaken the structural integrity of the roof and can eventually lead to leaks, causing water to seep into the building. This can result in costly interior damage, such as ruined insulation, stained ceilings, or signs of water damage on walls. Regular inspection is key to catching these issues early. By identifying and repairing cracks or blisters as soon as they appear, you can prevent them from worsening and avoid more extensive and expensive repairs down the line.
Gravel Loss
The gravel layer on a tar roof serves as a protective shield, safeguarding the tar layer underneath from harmful UV rays and physical damage. Properly applied, the gravel disperses sunlight, preventing the tar from becoming brittle due to prolonged sun exposure. However, factors such as strong winds, heavy rain, or improper installation can cause gravel to shift or displace over time. When the gravel is unevenly distributed or missing in patches, the tar is directly exposed to the elements. This can result in quicker deterioration, cracking, and water absorption, which can compromise the roof’s durability. Additionally, exposed tar is more prone to physical damage, such as punctures from falling debris. To prevent these issues, it’s essential to regularly inspect the roof, redistribute any displaced gravel, and replace missing sections. Proper maintenance of the gravel layer can significantly extend the lifespan of the roof and reduce the chances of costly repairs.
Pooling Water
Pooling water is a common problem for tar roofs, often caused by improper drainage systems or an uneven roof surface. When water accumulates in low-lying areas of the roof and remains stagnant for long periods, it puts extra pressure on the roof’s structure. Over time, this can weaken the materials, increase the likelihood of leaks, and even cause the roof to sag or collapse in severe cases. Furthermore, stagnant water creates an ideal environment for algae, mold, and mildew to grow, which can lead to additional damage and pose health risks to building occupants. Regularly checking for drainage issues, such as clogged gutters or downspouts, is essential to prevent water from pooling on the roof. If the roof is uneven, leveling it or installing proper drainage solutions can help ensure water flows off efficiently. Addressing pooling water promptly can prevent long-term damage and maintain the structural integrity of the roof.
Leaks
Leaks are one of the most serious issues for tar roofs, often resulting from small punctures, gaps, or general wear and tear in the tar layer. Over time, even minor damage can allow water to penetrate the roof, leading to a range of problems inside the building. Leaks can cause stained ceilings, damage to interior walls, and create conditions for mold and mildew to thrive, which can affect indoor air quality and pose health risks. If left untreated, water can also compromise the building’s structural integrity, weakening wooden beams or steel components over time. Identifying leaks early is crucial to minimizing damage. Regular roof inspections can help spot small holes, cracks, or weak points before they evolve into major issues. Sealing these areas promptly with appropriate materials, such as roofing tar or a patch, can prevent water infiltration and save on costly repairs down the road. Proactive maintenance is the best way to keep leaks at bay and ensure the roof’s longevity.
🛠️ Tar & Gravel Repair
In conclusion, tar and gravel roofs are a reliable and long-lasting option for many commercial buildings, but they require expert care and maintenance to perform at their best. At Maumee River Roofing, our team brings years of experience and specialized knowledge to every project, ensuring your roof is in the best hands. From minor repairs to comprehensive maintenance, we’re committed to delivering durable, cost-effective solutions that keep your business protected.
Trust us to handle your roofing needs with unmatched reliability and a customer-first approach. Contact Maumee River Roofing today for a free inspection or to discuss how we can help with your tar and gravel roof!
